The analysis of technology of manufacturing industry PDM and think

Time:2023-06-30 17:06:29
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source:DAHLER CNC Machining

[summary] the respect such as trend of the article generation to PDM, development, function, development and crucial technology analysis undertook elaborating, prepared the job, executive crucial measure and pertinent question to wait to discuss to what PDM carries out, offerred an enterprise to implement the relevant method of PDM. [keyword] product data manages (PDM) , develop, function, carry out (one) the rapid development that foreword uses as the computer, using the computer to assist technology and advanced information management technology is the enterprise is transformed newlier, the has surely way that enhances product competition ability. The application of PDM can shorten products plan is periodic, reduce engineering design to revise, accelerate plan of product throw on the market, cut totle drilling cost. According to foreign data statistic, the application of PDM can make products plan cycle shortens 25% , reduce engineering design to revise 4% , accelerate a product to put market plan on 50% ～ 80% , totle drilling cost cuts down 25% above. Company of a few cars of abroad, aircraft all improved the beneficial result of the enterprise greatly after executive PDM system. Home occupies pair of Electromechanical to be versed in nearly 500 enterprises investigate trade, new product development cycle amounts to 24 months on average, among them odd, the cycle of manufacturing technology preparation of small lot product is occupied about 32% what offer goods period, some is as high as 60% , after using PDM technology, can shorten production is periodic 50% ～ 80% . After enterprise of CIMS demonstrative application uses PDM new technology, cost of development of low to decreasing product, raised a design to all gain apparent benefit ability. As the development of Chinese informatization process, the enterprise of system of domestic application PDM is increasing also, the development of PDM product and application entered rapid development period. How to carry out PDM better, this is the problem that everybody is paying close attention to. PDM still is in in our country start level, the major that carries out about PDM seeks advice very deficient, make thereby of PDM carry out get very big limitation. In the meantime, many people still are put in certain error to the understanding of PDM. Analysis of trend of the generation that the article introduced PDM, development, function, development, technology reachs executive method, to knowing PDM in the round, the enterprise carries out PDM to have certain referenced sense. (2) the development trend of PDM 1. The development trend of PDM occupies the findings of PDMIC, at present the server platform of PDM is given priority to with HP and SunSeries, it is Win/NT next; The client carries a Windows set most, it is SunSeries and HP next; Tiring-room database is compositive perhaps the relation that the database is maturity almost database (RDBMS) , with the world of Oracle dominate exclusively, the proportion that other database holds for opposite Oracle is very few, also have certain object-oriented database (OODBMS) , basically be Objectivity; Most PDM system uses TCP/IP agreement. As technical development, while the enterprise is using existing PDM system, hope to be able to have again replace more perfect PDM system, want not only as compositive as ERP, even as compositive as CAD, CAM, develop to Web technology even in network times, in crossing the area, large company that crosses a state, the hope can achieve the administration of company level, emphasize single trait and function " technical kit " also want to " problem solution " the system develops. (1) the support that provides business information to build modular methodology and corresponding tool. PDM is a simple technical model not merely, executive PDM must stand in the height of business management, offer corresponding methodology to the enterprise, build a correct information model, be a system carry out next dozen of solid bases. (2) the systems analysis with wide object-oriented application and design technology. Object-oriented method because its abstraction sex and the feature that enclose a gender, can define systematic limits and goal better, can get used to prospective development well, accordingly, the development of PDM system of future will use object-oriented method extensively. (3) the product of the PDM that is based on Internet/Intranet platform. Of internet Internet apply already pervaded the whole world, what apply as its is thorough, the business affairs activity of prospective enterprise will more and more is in on Internet and enterprise Intranet platform undertake, regard business information as the PDM of platform, how to get used to this one development, already became earnestly to need settlement problem, so, the development of prospective PDM product is based on Internet/Intranet platform will increasingly. (4) the client computer from the tradition / server structure changes three-layer to the structure. Client computer / the occurrence of server structure makes computer application achieves tremendous progress, but the development as application, its inherent weakness and malpractice also show come out: Of network resource use up big, systematic installation, configuration, upgrade, safeguard, groom will expend much labor power and material resources. The development that three-layer architecture is 2 architecture and outspread, it the system from logic cent is three-layer: The user serves layer, application to handle layer, data to access a layer, realize agile distributed computation environment by them. The thought of three-layer structure is develop from Internet technology and come, the application that the body that its central feature is every application process enjoys in altogether is carried out on program server, is not dispersive move on every client computer, namely systematic application is applying processing layer centrally, the client carries the indication of only responsible result, of the system alter simply is revised in applied processing layer can. (5) open sex of the system. PDM is compositive technology, compositive it is its main feature. Regard business information as the PDM of compositive platform, must manage the data that all sorts of application systems generate the business, the communication that makes information is obtained between applied system and share. But the development that uses as company computer, the news that will system of more and different application arises lets PDM undertake administrative, so, PDM should get used to prospective development, must offer the port of standardization for more applied systems. (6) support is fast and custom-built with development the client changes a system. Closely related the circumstance because of PDM system and enterprise oneself, accordingly executive PDM system is not the course is simple it is OK to groom, it must have a complex client to change a course. At present the standardization of the standardization because of PDM system and business management is being perfected stage by stage, so, now of PDM carry out still lie " the quantity is ordered personally do " level, development cycle is very long, expend much labor power and material resources. Can see from this, undertaking a client change a system will be one of research direction of future. (7) distributed technology. The distributed computer technology that is based on a network also is one of technologies that acquire very great progress in recent years, it is a foundation with distributed computer technology, the systematic system that is based on component part will replace modular systematic architecture gradually. In the standard field of distributed computer technology, put in two large a group of people of same interest all the time, one is the CORBA that organizes core with OMG (Common Object Require Broker Architecture) standard, another is the is based on DCOM ActiveX standard that is a delegate with Microsoft. At present the competition of this two old standards still did not end, a lot of commercial software support these two levels at the same time. 2. Heat of research of current PDM technology and direction are opposite currently the research of PDM basically has: The application of Web technology, distributed computation technology on PDM, data is compositive, federal type PDM and distributed PDM. (1) Web technology adopts Web technique in PDM system, make PDM technology and Internet technology are united in wedlock, can realize unified user interface, can realize the information management of the dummy company of globalization through Internet, the information inquiry that achieves globalization, browse, found with update. The computer mode that answers relatively with Web technology and network communication become the issue with PDM very crucial system. (2) distributed computation and the application that serve distributed database and Web technology, and the distributed computation environment with located enterprise and the different compose sex that use a system, often need to undertake the each other between model and applied system is operated differring computational, had not gotten be settlemented well at present, although CORBA has numerous manufacturer supports and make among them main trend, but should uniting these a few kinds of standards at present is impossible. The means that at present great majority uses is: If PDM and applied system are based on CORBA implementation, criterion the each other operation between each system can come true conveniently, to not be the system that implements through CORBA, can undertake those who use a function enclose through API, implementation is CORBA object, finish what with its he uses a system is alternant. ÷ (3) data is compositive and current, the compositive deepness between PDM and applied tool is deeper and deeper, from initial stage enclose, interface is being moved toward without seam compositive. The product information that how realizes complete lifecycle is shared is a heat that uses compositive technology research, the applied system that PDM needs on one hand and differs is compositive, also should undertake operation of data each other and data set are become between PDM system on the other hand. Although the bounds between PDM system and ERP system is more and more ambiguous already, more and more jackknife, but if both produces main effect in the different level in the lifecycle of the product, every system still is a relatively independent entity. The enterprise is at present pressing those who need software of PDM and management of ERP system etc is compositive. (4) federal form PDM can undertake data each other operation, data is united or run the system that make each other between different PDM system is federal form PDM. To crossing the large company of district, of different district child the branch often has him to become independent, the PDM system that gets used to him business, the visit of data each other between many PDM between each branches and PDM system needs federal form mechanism to solve a problem, confederative mechanism can raise what product data and information manage to agree gender and share capacity. (3) PDM technology is analysed 1. Construct for the foundation with PDM business information platform is current, enterprise informatization to all enterprises character is not brand-new concept, already or undertaking carrying out. For example, no matter be of manufacturing industry enterprise " throw drawing board " , of other still company " OA " , it is the component of enterprise informatization character actually. Just perfect as the development of informatization technology, of enterprise informatization demand increasingly clear, make " enterprise informatization " meaning is more extensive, deeper, solidder. So, after all what is informatization, what is the informatization of manufacturing industry enterprise? Above all, to the enterprise, the end that uses methods of any a kind of technology is to improve efficiency, enhance core competition ability, implementation gain is the biggest change, and regard a kind of technology as the method, enterprise informatization also must serve for this ultimate goal. Next, the core of informatization is " information " , and the essence of information is data and its flow, accordingly, the key of informatization is the data in the enterprise and flow, if why be starting point with industry data and flow,the substaintial meaning of informatization is, achieve the chief short-term goal of the enterprise. Accordingly, enterprise informatization is to be based on computer network environment, compositive use of all kinds major to use soft hardware, implement the automation of all sorts of business of the enterprise and its flow. In the process of executive informatization, a basic problem often is dropped by oversight, namely the digitlization that the core of informatization of manufacturing industry enterprise is product data and flow automation, but, production comes out product data both neither, also the plan does not emerge, design however. So, get to the bottom of sth traces to the source, the foundation of informatization of manufacturing industry enterprise is design data and design technological process, and the active management tool that PDM system is aimed at products plan data and design technological process just about. Accordingly, it is a foundation with PDM system, will construct stage by stage the main platform of enterprise informatization, held the key of production enterprise informatization and key not only, and also have actual feasibility. (1) the fundamental sex status in informatization mixes PDM system bridge action. PDM system has two basic core functions: It is the products plan data that runs department of research and development and design technological process firstly, it solved the origin problem of the product electron data in informatization of manufacturing industry enterprise. Without these electronic data bases, enterprise informatization is mentioned with respect to have no way. It is secondly with the enterprise production, management, supply and the relevant informatization system of the branch such as the sale is compositive. It solves product data or other and relevant data changes orderly flow in the electron inside whole industry, the relevant business that realizes whole industry is compositive. In recent years practice has proved, if do not have this kind of bridge of PDM system and bond action, the system that makes resource like the main management such as ERP can is immersed in certainly " one can't make bricks without straw " awkward condition. Produce the function of these two core of PDM system and effect adequately, can make next solid data bases and successive requirement for enterprise informatization. (2) PDM system has the general character technology in enterprise informatization and general character function. In the development of PDM system and applied process, according to the functional requirement that needs actually, can use following technology: Electronic documentation manages a technology; Electronic data version manages a technology; Manpower and constituent endowment source control and attributive control a technology; Task flow manages a technology; Electronic documentation flow manages a technology. These functional requirement and its application technology not just system of PDM of bureau be confined to, the ideology that its represent, technology and function have the general character that comparative, the informatization of other business section also can have same function compositive, also meet collect is used to it identical (or similar) technology. So, these functions and technology can apply at the information management system of other business section, become the general character technology of enterprise informatization and general character function. (3) although PDM system defines the products plan data of interior of ongoing hair branch and flow to undertake administrative, but should achieve efficient, orderly, unified safety administration, involve the definition of the personnel inside the branch, origanization construction, data, flow and control necessarily. And the method of these definitions, method that manages pilot mechanism and implementation, although reflected the basiccest government idea and information management method, make these applied mode OK duplicate in the informatization system of other business section or draw lessons from, the information management idea with basic implementation and method by local the unity to whole and compositive, also can assure administrative continuity and consistency. (4) PDM system used current level to develop a tool. Current, mature PDM system uses following development technology and level commonly: Technology of object-oriented process designing; Mix with package object model among the system of distributed network application software that the technology constructs for the foundation; General database visits a technology; Three-layer or multilayer structural server / client computer mode or server / browser job mode. These technologies and standard are current rock-bottom development technology and development tool, represented those who develop a technology to develop way with future now, this can assure to develop advanced sex of the technology not only, more important is also from go up at all the applied system that assured to be developed with these tools can maintain the vitality that comparative and open sex. So, it is a foundation in order to use the PDM system that these standard tools develop, can go up in general technical platform, implementation enterprise informatization is compositive. (5) the informatization application time of branch of PDM system application is the earliest, applied foundation is best, have the mainest talent base. No matter be applied PDM system, still apply other any information systems, need finally to fulfil person ability to develop its due efficiency. From the point of the development history of manufacturing industry enterprise, electron of application of branch of general research and development turns auxiliary tool (like CAD software) time is the earliest, the history is the longest also. In this process, had fostered expert of ace of a batch of computers, network necessarily or CAD hotshot, these people are the talent base with enterprise the most valuable informatization. And the person that use of PDM system at first also as it happens is them, with the application of these high quality so the talent is a foundation, be helpful for PDM system itself carrying out a success not only, and can apply for the comprehensive informatization of the enterprise, do nice talented person to lay in. See on put together, it is important that the organic composition that regards manufacturing industry enterprise as informatization is mixed one annulus, PDM system represented the fundamental government idea of information management system and means, used current development technology and development tool, have the general character technology of informatization and general character function, and the core according to manufacturing industry enterprise -- the product brings system of compositive and relevant application for button. Accordingly, it is platform of foundation of informatization of enterprise of fundamental construction manufacturing industry with PDM system, held the key of informatization not only, and the essence that also captured informatization. This extends the development space of PDM greatly not only, and the path that is sure to provide a more practical success for enterprise informatization. 2. The applied collect adult that is based on PDM frame is fastened in the development process of the product, often need to use a variety of CAX tools at the same time. Be opposite to come true of the product compositive change development, improve the efficiency that the product develops, information of implementation of need of CAX system oneself is compositive. Its mainstream direction is to use the applied agreement of STEP and relevant development tool to undertake 2 times developing. At the same time CAX system regards CIMS as a medium subsystem, need and other subsystem (wait like system of control of MRP Ⅱ , workshop) harmonious job, realize information natural resources share. All what these ask to apply compositive frame to realize all sorts of pair of application conveniently by is compositive. Alleged and compositive frame can is opposite conveniently namely the of all kinds application inside the enterprise realizes information the function is compositive, compositive with the software system with compositive process. Accordingly, compositive frame should be had good open sex and but expanding, can provide likely application compositive interface. PDM system satisfied this kind of requirement fitly. Can say, what PDM manages in outstanding product data is compositive go up, perfecting its to regard manufacturing industry domain as the function of compositive frame stage by stage, carry out for what CIMS applies provide stronger automation environment. If the graph is shown 1 times,be based on the uses compositive frame architecture of PDM system. What graph 1 PDM applies CAD/CAPP/CAM of compositive frame system is compositive the core that is CIMS, it is to enclothe products plan, craft to plan the automation system that the whole project such as process designing of design, numerical control and treatment designs. It is not the simple overlay of CAD system, CAPP system and CAM system. Receive ventriloquial art and database through data compositive technology, wait for applied system, database and regular library have significant link, the information that realizes 3C thereby the network is compositive, compositive with the function compositive. Accordingly, the key with compositive system is the compositive technology that the data between Gu island system exchanges technology and majority to occupy a library. (4) the type selecting of PDM and carry out 1. The type selecting of PDM already had a lot of famous PDM software domestic and internationally at present, the Optegra of company of the Product Manager of company of the Winchill of company of the IMAN that is like EDS company, PTC, IBM, CV, they basically represented the top level that goes up domestic and internationally in PDM technology. A lot of software firms also saw country the tremendous potential of PDM market, drive the PDM product that gives out oneself in succession, if Zhejiang is big company of software of Tian Chuangrui abundant, China in of grain industry college China medium the Gao Hua of university of software company, Tsinghua of company, Chinese Academy of Sciences triumphant the achieves company and northeast university together Aerpa that thinks of company, Nanjing. In the meantime, a lot of domestic companies implemented PDM system, wait for the IMAN that used PDM product is American EDS company like group of Er of factory of Chun Lan air conditioning, sea, long rainbow, Kang Jia, the PDM product that Xi'an aircraft design introduces is the PM of IBM company, machinery plant of haven of 50 bells automobile factory, Shanghai mixes Jiangxi the used PDM product such as Suzhou valve factory is China in the IntePDM of software company. Look from the effect, have those who obtain obvious economic benefits, also have fail to achieve those who expect an end. The enterprise should not choose only big or the software with complete function, software also is not Yue Guiyue good. When selecting PDM system, the technology that returns supplier of PDM of Lv of take an examination serves system and ability, the ability of consideration and other system interface (be like: MRP Ⅱ , ERP) , whether to have the ability with supportive application compositive process to wait. Integrated for, should combine the following respects to undertake making an on-the-spot investigation commonly: Satisfy functional requirement; With the enterprise the level of CAD application suits; The consideration becomes gender and interface issue with the collect of existing software; Those who pay attention to foreign software is homebred turn an issue; Notice the configuration of the rate that software runs and hardware. 2. Of PDM carry out in our country, PDM application just starts, but take seriously extensively what already also got business circles and each IT firm, plane of river of river bell car, prosperous, rainbow group, beautiful, the large production company such as Er of Xi Fei, sea and a batch of medium and small businesses are in on PDM project, but of executive success very few however. Its are main the reason is PDM be run software and not be tool software, PDM system reflected the administrative pattern that contemporary product develops, representing a kind of advanced management concept and company culture. The executive process of PDM, it is the process that the enterprise realizes strategy of flow of in-house professional work to recombine. PDM is in again carry out, of the administrative pattern of foreign enterprise and domestic company specific and actual having distinction, accordingly, home can draw lessons from foreign method only, sum up the experience lesson of domestic company, arrange a kind of executive method that suits domestic company. (1) sex of its function sex, systematic independent character, dimensions mixes basis of system of PDM of executive fixed position to open the distinction such as the gender and divide roughly it is two kinds: One kind is to face design group (project group) , in the light of specific development the project basically is specific and compositive content with 9 kinds of application software, use dimensions is controlled to hundreds of computers in a few, move in the PDM product in environment of sth resembling a net of local area network, we call our " PDM of project group class " . Product of another kind of PDM is high administrative levels " company level PDM " system, it can comprise environment of much hardware platform, much network, majority to occupy with aleatoric dimensions by user demand library, multilayer a variety of distributed Server, application software cross an enterprise compositively together, cross a region exceed large PDM system. We think, CAD application history is longer, technical ability of the professional skill of employee, computer is general higher company, can introduce system of company level PDM directly, and to most enterprise, should from introduce " project class PDM " begin. (2) the concept of PDM of preparative company staff of executive PDM system grooms. Should emphasize the person's effect particularly in the application of PDM, what it offers is a kind of man-machine mixes those who combine operation to optimize operation pattern. In the enterprise " person " it is the principal part that PDM implements, what is the enterprise had a delegate to understand PDM from cadre of cadre of high-level administrator, middle-level and basic level only, what can PDM make, ability knows a business effectively the each estate expectation to PDM, ability digs demand of disinter enterprise PDM and target effectively, make sure PDM carries out quality thereby. The main support of personnel of company high level. Because apply CAX technology to bring about the generation of many electron data thereby in great quantities,the PDM system application in Technical Division is at first. It causes company culture and the change that are based on the working mode over culture of this kind of company necessarily. If want to make sure this kind of trend develops according to right way, indispensible the support that approbate and lasts what get industry leader. To the informatization of the enterprise construction undertakes whole plans. Of the builds a process to will accompany a business products plan department of the PDM system of the enterprise develop and long-standing, to assure PDM can with the enterprise the informatization construction henceforth and the electronic business affairs that did not come organic union, a more reliable method invites those who have experience to consult adviser namely, the current situation that leaves pair of companies in the guidance of advisory adviser and the development competition survey henceforth and argumentation, assign the program that gives construction of abecedarian enterprise informatization, the construction that PDM system develops below the guidance that plans in this works. (5) the rapid development that conclusion uses as the computer, using the computer to assist technology and advanced information management technology is the enterprise is transformed newlier, the only way that enhances product competition ability, of PDM carry out offerred a condition for this. Abroad carried out PDM to had obtained better positive result, domestic development is like person meaning very much however. The basic content such as trend of the generation that PDM introduced in article, development, function, development and technical analysis, cost of development of product of the executive method that discussed PDM to be in our country mainly and the orderly administration that achieve data of the product in producing a course, bring down, improve a design ability, carry a product consistency of data and can dog quality. In the whole process of executive PDM system, must exist the problem that be in and financial capacity and technical current situation at present in the light of the enterprise, around the development of the enterprise program and distant view target are organized carry out. Choose right product and software vendor, formulate feasible executive strategy, begin from partial application, cent measure, grading ground makes a target, promotion of one pace ground is carried out. CNC Milling CNC Machining